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Part IV 完形填空

Cloze · 10 分

In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank.

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Cloze (10 points) choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Cloud computing (云计算) means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard drive. It involves computing overanetwork, where a program or application may run on many connected computers at the same time. For some, cloud computing isametaphor ( 隐喻) for the Internet. It typically uses connected hardware machines called servers. Individual users can use the server's processing power to run an application, store data, or perform any other computing task. For businesses, cloud computing is an ideal way to reduce expenses . For example, companies may buy services in the cloud. That is to say, instead of installing applications on every single computer in the company, cloud computing would allow workers to log into a Web-based service (a cloud) which hosts all the programs individual users would need for their job. While cloud computing could change the entire computer industry, there are still some concerns about the security of the data stored on the remote machines. It is true that it promises to savealot of work. However, this technology raises a fundamental question. Is it safe to store one's data on someone else's computer? The cloud service provider needs to establish relevant policies that describe how the data of each cloud user will be accessed and used. Cloud service users should also be able to encrypt (加密) data that is processed or stored within the cloud to prevent unauthorized access.

译文 / 解析

本文介绍了云计算的功能和给人们的工作带来的好处和担忧。

--- page 10 --- 云计算意味着在互联网上存储、访问数据和程序，而不是你的电脑硬盘。它通过网 络进行计算，其中的程序或应用程序可以同时在许多连接的计算机上运行。 在某种程度上，云计算是对互联网的一种隐喻。它通常使用称为服务器的连接硬件 机器。个人用户可以使用服务器的处理能力来运行应用程序、存储数据或执行任何其他 计算任务。 对于企业来说，云计算是减少开支的理想方式。例如，公司可以购买云服务，也就 是说，不需要在公司的每台电脑上安装应用程序，而是允许员工登录到一个基于网络的 (云)服务器，该服务器包含个人用户工作所需的所有程序。 尽管云计算可能会改变整个计算机行业，但人们仍然对存储在远程计算机上的数据 的安全性存在一些担忧。的确，它承诺节省大量的工作，然而人们对这项技术提出了 一个基本问题。把一个人的资料储存在别人的电脑上安全吗?云服务提供者需要确立相 关政策描述如何访问和使用每个云用户的数据。云服务用户还应该能够加密处理中或存 储的云数据，以防止未经授权的访问。
    1. predicts
    2. involves
    3. replaces
    4. affects

    答案 B

    本题考查的是动词辨析。predicts"预言"; involve"涉及"; replace"替 代"; affect"影响", 此处应为包含、涉及的问题，用involve,

    1. necessarily
    2. possibly
    3. typically
    4. really

    答案 C

    本题考查的是副词辨析。necessarily"必要地"; possibly "可能地"; typically"典型地";really"真实地",云计算通常使用称为服务器的连接硬件机器，

    1. get
    2. perform
    3. show
    4. assign

    答案 B

    本题考查的是动词辨析。get"获得"; perform"执行"; show"展示"; assign"分配", 此处应为执行任务，

    1. expenses
    2. money
    3. income
    4. profits

    答案 A

    本题考查的是名词辨析。expense"开支"; money"金钱"; income "收 入"; profit"利益",根据后面的举例，此处应为减少开支的意思，

    1. writing
    2. developing
    3. fitting
    4. installing

    答案 D

    本题考查的是动词辨析。write"书写"; develop"发展"; fit"适合"; install"安装"。根据后面的搭配"应用程序",此处应为安装的意思，

    1. schedules
    2. programs
    3. projects
    4. documents

    答案 B

    本题考查的是名词辨析。schedule"时间表";program"程序";project"项 目"; document"文件",此处应为个人用户所需的程序，

    1. concerns
    2. cases
    3. advantages
    4. effects

    答案 A

    本题考查的是名词辨析。concern"关注；担忧";case"事例"; advantage "优点";effect"作用"；效果",此处应为对安全问题的担忧，

    1. proposes
    2. collects
    3. manages
    4. raises

    答案 D

    本题考查的是动词辨析，propose"提议"; collect"收集"; manage"管 理"; raise"提出；提高",根据上下文，此处应为提出一个基本问题，

    1. whether
    2. why
    3. what
    4. how

    答案 D

    本题考查的是引导词辨析。根据上下文，云服务应向用户描述如 何处理和使用数据，

    1. system
    2. data
    3. storage
    4. knowledge

    答案 B

    本题考查的是名词辨析。system"系统";data"数据";storage"存储"; knowledge"知识",此处跟加密搭配，应该是数据，