Part IV 完形填空

Cloze (10 points) choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments. Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves . "He who dies rich, dies disgraced," he often said. Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which hasalibrary, a museum of fine arts, andamuseum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provideacenter for the arts. Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.

46. 1. wealth
    2. wealthy
    3. wealthier
    4. wealthiest

    答案 D

    本题考查的形容词最高级的用法。one of+最高级+复数名词+范 围，表示"最···的···之一"。这里指卡内基成为美国最富有的人之一。

47. 1. total
    2. all
    3. part
    4. sum

    答案 C

    本题考查的是短语词义辨析。本句是由and 连接的两个并列句, 句意:内基的成功部分来源于他销售产品的能力,部分来源于他在经济衰退时期 的扩张政策。in part"部分地"相当于partly，更符合句意。in total"总许";in a"总 共合计";in sum"总而言之"

48. 1. increased
    2. increasing
    3. reducing
    4. reduced

    答案 C

    本题考查的是上下文语义衔接。根据上句卡内基的成功源自他 在经济衰退时期的扩张政策,可判断其他投资人是采用相反的削减投资的政策。 结合司意,投资人应该是主动减少投资,所以应该是主动语态。

49. 1. however
    2. because
    3. as
    4. but

    答案 D

    本题考查逻辑词的使用。逻辑关系词的选择要看前后两句的逻 辑关系前面讲卡内基认为个人应该通过努力工作取得进步,后一句讲他也强烈 地感知富人应该利用自己的财富为社会造福，两者之间是转折关系。However "然而",表示转折，后面一般有逗号与主句隔开；because"因为"，表示原 因；as 作连词时，可引导原因、时间、方式、让步状语从句；but"但是"， 表示转折，后面可以直 接跟句子。

50. 1. value
    2. advantages
    3. benefit
    4. profit

    答案 C

    本题考查的是名词辨析。本句句意是:卡内基强烈的感知富人应 该利用自己的财富为社会造福。value"价值";advantage"优势,有利条件";benefit 泛指"得到的益处,好处";profit"利润,盈利,收益"。for the benefit of 也是固定搭 配,表示"为·····的利益、好处"。

51. 1. themselves
    2. each other
    3. him
    4. others

    答案 A

    本题考查的是上下文语义衔接。根据主句句意,卡内基反对施舍, 而是选择提供教育机会让其他人自助,这样才符合逻辑。所以应该是allow others to help themselves。

52. 1. echo
    2. bear
    3. remember
    4. give

    答案 B

    本题考查的是上下文语义衔接。that 引导的定语从句修饰前面的 those,而those 指的是他的贡献。从后面的内容可以看出,这些贡献均以他的名 字命名,bear one's name 这一短语正好符合,表示"以·....·名字命名"。

53. 1. founded
    2. recovery
    3. built
    4. construct

    答案 A

    本题考查的是词义辨析。根据上下文语义,空格处需要动词一般 过去时作谓语,排除B、D。found 和build 都有"建立"的意思found 基本意思是 "开创"即创立某事物,使某事物产生,侧重开创基础、提供资金支持,多指创办组 织机构、理论基础等:build 应用较广泛,可指一切具体或抽象事物的建立,侧重 具体事物的建造。

54. 1. feature
    2. fund
    3. create
    4. contribute

    答案 B

    本题考查的是词义辨析。feature 作动词表示"以······为特 征";fund"资助";create"创造";contribute"贡献"。根据语篇理解,华盛顿卡内基学 院与科学研究之间是资助与被资助的关系,fund 的意思更符合句意。

55. 1. grown
    2. left
    3. influenced
    4. affected

    答案 B

    本题考查的是上下文语义衔接。grow" 成长";leave" 离 开";influence"影响"affect"影响,感动"。四个选项都是动词,所以后面untouched by Andrew Carnegie's 而leave sb.+adj.有"使某人处于某种状态"的意思,这里是 被动语generosity 作补语态,表示很少美国人民处于不被影响的状态,也就是美 国人都被影响到了,符合句意。